{"id":28646,"date":"2024-06-25T04:54:23","date_gmt":"2024-06-25T04:54:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.gdsonline.tech\/?p=28646"},"modified":"2024-06-25T04:56:22","modified_gmt":"2024-06-25T04:56:22","slug":"chu-thich-lidar-nhung-dieu-ban-co-the-chua-biet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.gdsonline.tech\/vi\/chu-thich-lidar-nhung-dieu-ban-co-the-chua-biet\/","title":{"rendered":"Ch\u00fa th\u00edch LiDAR: Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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\"Ch\u00fa<\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 LiDAR \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang cho th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh ch\u00f3ng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0\u00a0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Theo s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea t\u1eeb Mordor Intelligence<\/a><\/em><\/strong>, th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng LiDAR to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea1t $2.57 ngh\u00ecn t\u1ef7 trong n\u0103m 2024 v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea1t kho\u1ea3ng $6.3 ngh\u00ecn t\u1ef7 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2029 v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng h\u00e0ng n\u0103m (CAGR) l\u00e0 19.93% trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian 2024 – 2029. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do khi\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 LiDAR tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh xu h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00e0 khi nhu c\u1ea7u xe t\u1ef1 l\u00e1i ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng c\u00f9ng t\u00ednh \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng cao c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1eady, ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c th\u00ec c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 LiDAR l\u00e0 g\u00ec? L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fa th\u00edch nh\u1eefng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb m\u00e1y c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn LiDAR? Nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ch\u00fa th\u00edch LiDAR trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau s\u1ebd nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? V\u00e0 c\u00e1c xu h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u00fa th\u00edch LiDAR s\u1ebd l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, h\u00e3y c\u00f9ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ho\u00e1 nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 ch\u00fa th\u00edch LiDAR \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn t\u1ed5ng quan nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 k\u0129 thu\u1eadt ch\u00fa th\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 LiDAR l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

LiDAR, vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a Light Detection and Ranging, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn t\u1eeb xa s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng tia laser \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 ho\u1eb7c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00e1t ra tia laser t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n, sau \u0111\u00f3 thu nh\u1eadn \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Th\u1eddi gian m\u00e0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng laser di chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch, t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 3D chi ti\u1ebft c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e9t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>Ch\u00fa th\u00edch LiDAR l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u00fa th\u00edch LiDAR l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 g\u00e1n nh\u00e3n c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u 3D \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu th\u1eadp t\u1eeb c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn LiDAR. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u00fa th\u00edch LiDAR r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh m\u00e1y h\u1ecdc (Machine Learning model) b\u1edfi ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa th\u00edch s\u1ebd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n v\u00e0 l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>C\u00e1c Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Ph\u00e1p Ch\u00fa Th\u00edch LiDAR Ph\u1ed5 Bi\u1ebfn<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
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\"C\u00e1c<\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a ph\u00eda tr\u00ean, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng LiDAR l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fa th\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u thu th\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb LiDAR s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u00fa th\u00edch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i ch\u00fa th\u00edch LiDAR ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>3D Cuboid<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

3D Cuboid l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i l\u1eadp ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 bao quanh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 trong kh\u00f4ng gian 3 chi\u1ec1u. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u00fa th\u00edch n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. \u0110\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u00fa th\u00edch d\u1ec5 v\u00e0 nhanh nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh d\u1eef li\u1ec7u thu th\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb LiDAR. Tuy nhi\u00ean, 3D Cuboid s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhu c\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa th\u00edch chi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p nh\u01b0 c\u00e2y c\u1ed1i, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n, m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng, etc. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>Ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n ng\u1eef ngh\u0129a (Semantic Segmentation)<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n ng\u1eef ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p g\u00e1n nh\u00e3n cho t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c l\u1edbp t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi n\u1ed9i dung ng\u1eef ngh\u0129a ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u1ec9a h\u00e8 ho\u1eb7c to\u00e0 nh\u00e0. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh vi\u1ec7c gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n ng\u1eef ngh\u0129a c\u00f2n cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh xung quanh c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng 3 chi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c khi ch\u00fa th\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u1eabu v\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n ng\u1eef ngh\u0129a trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u00fa th\u00edch LiDAR c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n cao. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh thu th\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb LiDAR b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5u ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 th\u00ec k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ch\u00fa th\u00edch b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p semantic segmentation c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>Ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng (Instance Segmentation)<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t t\u1eebng l\u1edbp nh\u01b0 ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n ng\u1eef ngh\u0129a m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u00fa th\u00edch LiDAR, ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ebd c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 theo d\u00f5i t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang l\u1ebb, \u0111\u1ebfm s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n ng\u1eef ngh\u0129a, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cao. H\u01a1n th\u1ebf n\u1eefa, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y s\u1ebd kh\u00f3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ecb che khu\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>Ch\u00fa th\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec3m (Point-level annotation)\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00e1n nh\u00e3n c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t, c\u1ea3m x\u00fac c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh LiDAR \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu th\u1eadp t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n kh\u00e1c nhau, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p point-level s\u1ebd gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 ho\u00e1 th\u1eddi gian, chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1ec7 to\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb, \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p point-level s\u1ebd kh\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. H\u01a1n th\u1ebf n\u1eefa, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh LiDAR v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh s\u1ebd th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ch\u00fa th\u00edch b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p point-level c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 duy tr\u00ec. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>Ch\u00fa th\u00edch qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o (Trajectory annotation)<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Trajectory bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhau b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c n\u00fat, l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u00fa th\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ea5p kh\u00fac \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fa th\u00edch c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m trong d\u1eef li\u1ec7u h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh ho\u1eb7c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng gian 3 chi\u1ec1u. Trong ch\u00fa th\u00edch LiDAR, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p trajectory \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ebd ranh gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh trong c\u1ea3nh quan ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00e1, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray, l\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y di\u1ec7n, s\u00f4ng ng\u00f2i, etc. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean nh\u01b0 LiDAR, trajectory c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ea3nh c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian. D\u00f9 v\u1eady, \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u00fa th\u00edch t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh, c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00f3 chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1ecf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>\u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng Th\u1ef1c Ti\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a Ch\u00fa Th\u00edch LiDAR\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\n
\"\u1ee8ng<\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>Xe t\u1ef1 l\u00e1i<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Trong \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, c\u00e1c xe t\u1ef1 l\u00e1i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o LiDAR, m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng laser \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u00e9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 3D c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i cao. Sau khi tr\u1ea3i qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u00fa th\u00edch, nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00e1c v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i b\u1ed9, bi\u1ec3n b\u00e1o giao th\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 l\u00e1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng, \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng va ch\u1ea1m. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fa th\u00edch LiDAR l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kho\u00e1 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 khai th\u00e1c to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a xe t\u1ef1 l\u00e1i, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c ho\u00e1 cho m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai giao th\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng minh.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>Kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 h\u00ecnh dung h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fa th\u00edch LiDAR trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y, h\u00e3y l\u1ea5y qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u1eebng l\u00e0m v\u00ed d\u1ee5. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 LiDAR s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tia laser qu\u00e9t t\u1eeb ph\u00eda tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a ng\u1ecdn c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ea3nh quan chi ti\u1ebft. V\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ch\u00fa th\u00edch nh\u1eefng l\u1ea7n qu\u00e9t n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c khu r\u1eebng ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 chi\u1ec1u cao c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y, b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00e1c nhau. C\u00e1c ch\u00fa th\u00edch LiDAR c\u00f2n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u xa h\u01a1n trong vi\u1ec7c d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n thi\u00ean tai b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro cao, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n d\u1ef1 \u00e1n d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, vi\u1ec7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng LiDAR trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00fap c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t nh\u1eb1m th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fa th\u00edch LiDAR l\u00e0 gi\u00fap qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb. Nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u1edf tr\u00ean, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 LiDAR cho ph\u00e9p t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 3D ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1ec1 khu v\u1ef1c xung quanh v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 3D v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e1, c\u1ea7u, to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ti\u1ec7n \u00edch kh\u00e1c. Vi\u1ec7c ch\u00fa th\u00edch nh\u1eefng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia quy ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh m\u1edbi, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>An ninh qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c an ninh qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 LiDAR s\u1ebd gi\u00fap c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan an ninh c\u00f3 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh, c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i, ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1. V\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ch\u00fa th\u00edch nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh n\u00e0y s\u1ebd h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan an ninh trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c, ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nhanh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p. Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fa th\u00edch LiDAR s\u1ebd n\u00e2ng cao m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>Kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdc<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u00fa th\u00edch LiDAR \u0111ang d\u1ea7n c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng ho\u00e1 ng\u00e0nh kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdc b\u1eb1ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n c\u00e1c di t\u00edch c\u1ed5. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u01a1n, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 LiDAR c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 qu\u00e9t c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i cao, gi\u00fap ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u1ecb ch\u00f4n v\u00f9i d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea5t, b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh che khu\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c \u1ea9n d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1ea3m th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt. V\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ch\u00fa th\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u LiDAR cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed v\u00e0 l\u1eadp m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00e1c di t\u00edch n\u00e0y, t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh ch\u00fang. Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1, ch\u00fa th\u00edch LiDAR c\u00f2n kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu khi gi\u00fap c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdc d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a di t\u00edch b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch theo d\u00f5i nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong ch\u00fa th\u00edch theo th\u1eddi gian, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c di s\u1ea3n qu\u00fd gi\u00e1. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>Xu H\u01b0\u1edbng Ph\u00e1t Tri\u1ec3n Ch\u00fa Th\u00edch LiDAR Trong Nh\u1eefng N\u0103m T\u1edbi<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>Ch\u00fa th\u00edch LiDAR y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Khi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fa th\u00edch LiDAR trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u ch\u00fa th\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u LiDAR ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao s\u1ebd ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c xe t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e1i. Nguy\u00ean do l\u00e0 v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c ch\u00fa th\u00edch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh LiDAR s\u1ebd gi\u00fap c\u00e1c xe t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e1i v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh an to\u00e0n, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111em l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ea1nh tranh cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty trong c\u00f9ng ng\u00e0nh. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1eadp trung c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n cao, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa th\u00edch \u1edf m\u1ee9c cao nh\u1ea5t, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o n\u00ean s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam: C\u1ea7n l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n ch\u00fa th\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho M\u00e1y h\u1ecdc?<\/a><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>Ch\u00fa th\u00edch t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u1edfi AI\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t xu h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fa th\u00edch LiDAR trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m t\u1edbi l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u1edfi AI \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea9y nhanh qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 can thi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 t\u0103ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa th\u00edch. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc s\u00e2u (Deep Learning model) nh\u01b0 Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) v\u00e0 Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) c\u0169ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n ng\u1eef ngh\u0129a. D\u1eabu v\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c ch\u00fa th\u00edch t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ebd lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 x\u00e1c xu\u1ea5t l\u1ed7i x\u1ea3y ra, v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng trong quy tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft cao. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>H\u1ecdc b\u00e1n gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1eefng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y s\u1ebd t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00e1n nh\u00e3n k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng g\u00e1n nh\u00e3n ho\u1eb7c g\u00e1n nh\u00e3n m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh m\u00e1y h\u1ecdc (Machine Learning model) hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n. Trong ch\u00fa th\u00edch LiDAR, vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ea9n, gi\u1ea3m c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed ch\u00fa th\u00edch th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u00fa th\u00edch t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c, vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng h\u1ecdc b\u00e1n gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t t\u1eeb con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n, tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng sai s\u00f3t kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng c\u00f3. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>Ch\u00fa th\u00edch 4D<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t xu h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1edbi n\u1ed5i trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c m\u00e1y h\u1ecdc (Machine Learning) v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o (AI). Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u00fa th\u00edch LiDAR, ch\u00fa th\u00edch 4D cho ph\u00e9p g\u00e1n nh\u00e3n c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong kh\u00f4ng gian 3 chi\u1ec1u c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam chi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf nh\u01b0 xe t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e1i, vi\u1ec7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u00fa th\u00edch n\u00e0y s\u1ebd c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c xe c\u1ed9, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e1i xe an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

D\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o n\u00ean t\u1eeb thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u g\u1ed1c. Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f3 thu th\u1eadp, \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd l\u00e0 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ngu\u1ed3n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u LiDAR \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phong ph\u00fa, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eddi gian c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 chi ph\u00ed khi thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u0169ng s\u1ebd gi\u00fap \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh, gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh. D\u00f9 v\u1eady, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra k\u1ef9 th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn, \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>Kh\u00f3 Kh\u0103n v\u00e0 Th\u00e1ch Th\u1ee9c Khi Ch\u00fa Th\u00edch LiDAR<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c t\u1ec7p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u LiDAR th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9a h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng t\u1ef7 \u0111i\u1ec3m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nhau. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty ch\u00fa th\u00edch LiDAR b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng, vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi th\u1eddi gian, ngu\u1ed3n nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c l\u1edbn v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>\u0110\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng 3D<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng gian 3 chi\u1ec1u, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau, t\u1eeb \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u, h\u00ecnh h\u1ed9p \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p nh\u01b0 c\u00e2y c\u1ed1i, to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ho\u1eb7c xe c\u1ed9. Ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ean, trong m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i t\u1ec7p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u LiDAR s\u1ebd bao g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ecb ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb che khu\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ch\u00fa th\u00edch cho nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng 3D ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p n\u00e0y y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u1eddi gian, c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c l\u1edbn t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fa th\u00edch, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>Chi ph\u00ed<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Chi ph\u00ed \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u00fa th\u00edch LiDAR theo nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau. Ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng chi ph\u00ed v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ban \u0111\u1ea7u, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u LiDAR, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn chi ph\u00ed b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n, chi ph\u00ed cho vi\u1ec7c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ty ch\u00fa th\u00edch LiDAR b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn chi ph\u00ed nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 b\u1edfi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fa th\u00edch ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n cao \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng t\u1ec7p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n ngu\u1ed3n nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 l\u1edbn. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>Ch\u00fa Th\u00edch LiDAR v\u00e0 H\u00e0nh Tr\u00ecnh d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn T\u01b0\u01a1ng Lai<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u00fa th\u00edch LiDAR l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea7y th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh l\u1edbn c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u00ednh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng 3D. D\u1eabu v\u1eady, s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p n\u00e0y c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng to l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a LiDAR trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 l\u00e1i xe n\u00e2ng cao (ADAS), qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u00fa th\u00edch LiDAR kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 n\u00e2ng cao kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n m\u1edf ra nh\u1eefng tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng m\u1edbi cho c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 xe t\u1ef1 l\u00e1i trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ea1i LTS Global Digital Services, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ty cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ch\u00fa th\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u1ea1i khu v\u1ef1c Ch\u00e2u \u00c1 – Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng uy t\u00edn v\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng l\u1edbn t\u1eeb c\u00e1c th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 M\u1ef9, \u0110\u1ee9c, H\u00e0n v\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn ISO\/IEC FDIS 5259-4<\/a><\/em><\/strong> t\u1eeb t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n DEKRA, kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ch\u00fa th\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 LTS Global Digital Services cung c\u1ea5p cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng AI v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 l\u00e1i ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn (ADAS).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n th\u00eam, h\u00e3y li\u00ean h\u1ec7 ngay v\u1edbi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 LiDAR \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang cho th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh ch\u00f3ng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0\u00a0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Theo s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea t\u1eeb Mordor Intelligence, th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng LiDAR to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea1t $2.57 ngh\u00ecn t\u1ef7 trong n\u0103m 2024 v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea1t kho\u1ea3ng $6.3 ngh\u00ecn t\u1ef7 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2029 v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng h\u00e0ng n\u0103m (CAGR) l\u00e0 19.93% trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian 2024 – 2029. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do khi\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 LiDAR tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh xu h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00e0 khi nhu c\u1ea7u xe t\u1ef1 l\u00e1i ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng c\u00f9ng t\u00ednh \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng cao c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau. V\u1eady, ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c th\u00ec c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 LiDAR l\u00e0 g\u00ec? L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fa th\u00edch nh\u1eefng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb m\u00e1y c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn LiDAR? Nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ch\u00fa th\u00edch LiDAR trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau s\u1ebd nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? V\u00e0 c\u00e1c xu h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u00fa th\u00edch LiDAR s\u1ebd l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, h\u00e3y c\u00f9ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ho\u00e1 nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 ch\u00fa th\u00edch LiDAR \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn t\u1ed5ng quan nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 k\u0129 thu\u1eadt ch\u00fa th\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 LiDAR l\u00e0 g\u00ec? LiDAR, vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a Light Detection and Ranging, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn t\u1eeb xa s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng tia laser \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 ho\u1eb7c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00e1t ra tia laser t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n, sau \u0111\u00f3 thu nh\u1eadn \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Th\u1eddi gian m\u00e0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng laser di chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch, t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 3D chi ti\u1ebft c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e9t. Ch\u00fa th\u00edch LiDAR l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Ch\u00fa th\u00edch LiDAR l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 g\u00e1n nh\u00e3n c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u 3D \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu th\u1eadp t\u1eeb c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn LiDAR. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u00fa th\u00edch LiDAR r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh m\u00e1y h\u1ecdc (Machine Learning model) b\u1edfi ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa th\u00edch s\u1ebd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n v\u00e0 l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.  C\u00e1c Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Ph\u00e1p Ch\u00fa Th\u00edch LiDAR Ph\u1ed5 Bi\u1ebfn Th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a ph\u00eda tr\u00ean, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng LiDAR l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fa th\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u thu th\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb LiDAR s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u00fa th\u00edch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i ch\u00fa th\u00edch LiDAR ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. 3D Cuboid 3D Cuboid l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i l\u1eadp ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 bao quanh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 trong kh\u00f4ng gian 3 chi\u1ec1u. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u00fa th\u00edch n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. \u0110\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u00fa th\u00edch d\u1ec5 v\u00e0 nhanh nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh d\u1eef li\u1ec7u thu th\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb LiDAR. Tuy nhi\u00ean, 3D Cuboid s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhu c\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa th\u00edch chi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p nh\u01b0 c\u00e2y c\u1ed1i, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n, m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng, etc.  Ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n ng\u1eef ngh\u0129a (Semantic Segmentation) Ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n ng\u1eef ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p g\u00e1n nh\u00e3n cho t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c l\u1edbp t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi n\u1ed9i dung ng\u1eef ngh\u0129a ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u1ec9a h\u00e8 ho\u1eb7c to\u00e0 nh\u00e0. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh vi\u1ec7c gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n ng\u1eef ngh\u0129a c\u00f2n cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh xung quanh c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng 3 chi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c khi ch\u00fa th\u00edch. D\u1eabu v\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n ng\u1eef ngh\u0129a trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u00fa th\u00edch LiDAR c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n cao. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh thu th\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb LiDAR b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5u ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 th\u00ec k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ch\u00fa th\u00edch b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p semantic segmentation c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng. Ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng (Instance Segmentation) Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t t\u1eebng l\u1edbp nh\u01b0 ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n ng\u1eef ngh\u0129a m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u00fa th\u00edch LiDAR, ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ebd c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 theo d\u00f5i t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang l\u1ebb, \u0111\u1ebfm s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n ng\u1eef ngh\u0129a, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cao. H\u01a1n th\u1ebf n\u1eefa, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y s\u1ebd kh\u00f3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ecb che khu\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o.  Ch\u00fa th\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec3m (Point-level annotation)\u00a0 Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00e1n nh\u00e3n c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t, c\u1ea3m x\u00fac c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh LiDAR \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu th\u1eadp t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n kh\u00e1c nhau, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p point-level s\u1ebd gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 ho\u00e1 th\u1eddi gian, chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1ec7 to\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb, \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady.  M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p point-level s\u1ebd kh\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":28656,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[83,76],"tags":[285,281,163],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.gdsonline.tech\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28646"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.gdsonline.tech\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.gdsonline.tech\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gdsonline.tech\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gdsonline.tech\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=28646"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.gdsonline.tech\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28646\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":28659,"href":"https:\/\/www.gdsonline.tech\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28646\/revisions\/28659"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gdsonline.tech\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/28656"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.gdsonline.tech\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=28646"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gdsonline.tech\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=28646"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gdsonline.tech\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=28646"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}